United CommonsPrinciples XIII · Rebalancing priorities

From war budgets
to human development

A civilization reveals its priorities by what it funds continuously. The question is not whether the resources exist to build a more capable, resilient, and flourishing society. They do. The question is where those resources currently go — and whether that choice is truly democratic.

$2.4tn Global military spending 2024
(Stockholm International Peace Research Institute)
$4.5tn Estimated annual cost to eliminate
extreme poverty globally (UN Development Programme)
16× Ratio of global military spend
to UN peacekeeping budget
Read the argument Join United Commons
"If vast resources can be mobilized for militarization, then vast resources can also be mobilized for health, education, and resilience. The constraint is not capacity. It is political will."
The argument

Real security is measured by capability, not stockpiles

The dominant model of national security equates safety with military hardware: more weapons, more spending, more deterrence. It treats defence budgets as a measure of national seriousness and treats any reduction as dangerous naïvety.

United Commons challenges that framing — not by opposing legitimate defence, but by asking what security actually means for the people living inside a society.

Real security is not measured only by weapons stockpiles. It is measured by the health, competence, education, cohesion, and adaptive capacity of the people.

A society with crumbling hospitals, underfunded schools, deteriorating infrastructure, and growing inequality is not a secure society — regardless of how many warships it operates. A society with a capable, healthy, educated, and cohesive population is more resilient to every form of threat: military, economic, ecological, and social.

The question United Commons raises is simple: are current budget allocations designed to produce that kind of security?

And the answer, in most advanced economies, is clearly no.

Where the money goes

What a civilization chooses to fund

These are not abstract ideological positions. They are budget decisions, made annually, by governments that claim to act in the public interest. The comparison below is illustrative — but the pattern it reveals is consistent across most advanced economies.

What is continuously funded
UK defence budget 2024–25£59.8bn
US defence budget 2024$886bn
Global arms trade annual value~$630bn
NATO member avg. GDP spend target2%+ GDP
Nuclear weapons maintenance (US)~$52bn/yr
Global military R&D annual spend~$120bn
What remains underfunded
Global clean water & sanitation gap$114bn/yr
UN global humanitarian appeals 2023$56bn
Global education financing gap$97bn/yr
WHO pandemic preparedness ask$10bn/yr
UK NHS annual capital backlog£11.6bn
Global climate adaptation financing gap$194bn/yr

Sources: SIPRI, UK HM Treasury, US DoD, WHO, UNESCO, World Bank, UNEP. Figures approximate and subject to annual revision.

The case in detail

Why permanent war budgets are a structural problem

01

They crowd out the investments that produce genuine resilience

When defence spending is treated as the floor — the minimum, automatically renewed — it leaves every other priority competing for what remains. Healthcare, education, infrastructure, scientific research, and social cohesion are then perpetually underfunded relative to their actual importance to national capability. The result is a society that is militarily powerful but institutionally fragile.

02

They are largely immune to democratic scrutiny

Defence budgets in most democracies are protected by a combination of national security classification, institutional inertia, industrial lobbying, and political consensus that treating them as negotiable is somehow unpatriotic. The result is that some of the largest expenditure decisions governments make are among the least openly deliberated. A genuine democracy cannot operate this way.

03

They frequently serve industrial interests more than citizens

The defence industry is one of the most effective lobbying operations in modern politics. Procurement decisions, contracting structures, and spending levels are influenced by industrial strategy, employment considerations, and corporate relationships — not only by genuine security analysis. This is a textbook case of the institutional capture United Commons is designed to resist.

04

They misframe what threats actually look like

The most significant threats facing most populations are not military invasion. They are climate instability, pandemic vulnerability, infrastructure decay, social fragmentation, economic precarity, and the erosion of public institutions. These threats require investment in entirely different capabilities — and military budgets do not build them.

05

They foreclose the possibility of diplomatic alternatives

A state that has built its entire security framework around military power has a structural incentive to see conflict as the relevant frame for every international relationship. Diplomatic capability, conflict prevention, international institution building, and economic interdependence — which have far better track records at preventing war — receive a fraction of the attention and resource.

What rebalancing actually means

Not disarmament. Reorientation.

United Commons does not argue for unilateral disarmament or the elimination of legitimate defence capability. It argues for a fundamental reorientation of what security means, what it requires, and how it should be democratically deliberated.

Healthcare capacity

A society that cannot care for its sick is not secure. A well-funded, capable public health system is one of the most important national assets — and one of the most chronically underfunded in the age of permanent war budgets.

Education

An educated population is a resilient one. Investment in education is investment in the cognitive, civic, and economic capability of the whole society — the foundation of every other form of strength.

Scientific research

The greatest strategic advantages of the next century will come from scientific and technological leadership in clean energy, medicine, materials, and computing — not from incremental increases in legacy weapons systems.

Public infrastructure

Functioning transport, energy, water, communications, and digital infrastructure are preconditions for everything else. Their decay is a form of national weakening that no defence budget can compensate for.

Social resilience

A cohesive society — one with low inequality, high trust, and strong civic institutions — is far more resistant to every form of internal and external disruption. Social fragmentation is a strategic vulnerability.

Diplomatic capability

The capacity to negotiate, build relationships, and resolve conflicts without escalation is among the most valuable tools a state can possess. It is consistently and dramatically underfunded compared to the military instruments it is supposed to complement.

Addressing the objections

What about the real threats?

"But Russia, China, and nuclear threats are real."

Yes. And United Commons does not deny the existence of genuine security threats. The argument is about proportion, deliberation, and democratic oversight — not zero. A society with crumbling hospitals, a disaffected and poorly educated population, and deteriorating infrastructure is not better positioned to meet those threats. Genuine national security requires both dimensions.

"Reducing defence budgets makes us a target."

This is the deterrence argument — and it has force in specific contexts. But deterrence theory also has a long record of escalation, arms races, and near-misses that nearly ended civilization. The question is whether permanently escalating military spending actually produces safety, or whether it produces an arms race dynamic that increases systemic risk for everyone. The evidence for the latter is substantial.

"The public doesn't understand these tradeoffs."

This is precisely the paternalism United Commons rejects. The public is not too immature to deliberate on how its collective resources are spent. The question is whether the systems exist to support that deliberation — with genuine information, transparent choices, and real democratic weight. United Commons is designed to provide exactly that.

The United Commons position

What United Commons supports

United Commons supports a long-term democratic process of rebalancing national priorities — not through unilateral cuts, but through genuine public deliberation about what security means and what investments actually produce it.

01

Democratic deliberation on defence spending — openly, with full public access to evidence and trade-offs

02

Formal sunset and review mechanisms for all major weapons programmes and procurement contracts

03

Proportionate reallocation toward healthcare, education, scientific research, and public infrastructure

04

Substantial investment in diplomatic capability, conflict prevention, and international institution-building

05

Public transparency on defence industrial relationships, lobbying activity, and procurement decisions

06

A broad redefinition of national security to include health, educational, ecological, and social dimensions

The goal is not naïve vulnerability.
The goal is intelligent civilization.
A strong society is one that reduces the causes of collapse before they become emergencies.
Connected movement

This argument begins with a warning

United Commons is the democratic answer to DisarmOrDie.org — the scientific warning and philosophical manifesto that asks humanity to face the existential risks of nuclear weapons, autonomous weapons systems, and AI warfare.

The reallocation of war budgets toward human development is not only an economic argument. It is an argument about what kind of civilization we are choosing to become — and whether we intend to survive the choices we are currently making.

If Disarm or Die asks what humanity must avoid, United Commons asks what humanity must build.

Visit DisarmOrDie.org ↗ Join United Commons
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Help build the governance platform that makes this deliberation possible

United Commons exists to give citizens the architecture to make decisions like this — openly, democratically, and with the full weight of public authority behind them.